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<h2 id="Bootstrap-介绍"><a href="#Bootstrap-介绍" class="headerlink" title="Bootstrap 介绍"></a>Bootstrap 介绍</h2><p>Bootstrap 是非常流行的前端框架。特点是：灵活简洁、代码优雅、美观大方。它是由Twitter的两名工程师 Mark Otto 和 Jacob Thornton 在2011年开发的。</p>
<p>简单来说，Bootstrap 让 Web 开发<strong>更简单、更快捷</strong>。使用 Bootstrap 框架并不代表我们再开发时不用自己写 CSS 样式，而是不用写绝大多数常见的样式。</p>
<p>PS：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://amazeui.org/">Amaze UI</a> 这个框架其实跟 Bootstrap 很像。</p>
<h3 id="官网网站"><a href="#官网网站" class="headerlink" title="官网网站"></a>官网网站</h3><ul>
<li><p>官方网站：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://getbootstrap.com/">https://getbootstrap.com/</a></p>
</li>
<li><p>中文网站：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.bootcss.com/">http://www.bootcss.com/</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>V3版本：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1033.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1033.png"></p>
<p>V4版本：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1043.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1043.png"></p>
<p>列举几个用 Bootstrap 做的网站：</p>
<ul>
<li><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.youzhan.org/">Bootstrap 优站精选</a></p>
</li>
<li><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://mobirise.com/">https://mobirise.com/</a></p>
</li>
<li><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://snappa.io/">http://snappa.io/</a></p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Bootstrap-版本"><a href="#Bootstrap-版本" class="headerlink" title="Bootstrap 版本"></a>Bootstrap 版本</h3><p>目前市面上使用的最多的是 3.x.x 版本。各个版本的介绍：</p>
<p>2.3.2版本：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>2013年之后，停止维护；</p>
</li>
<li><p>支持更广泛的浏览器</p>
</li>
<li><p>代码不够简洁， 功能不够多。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>3.x.x 版本：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>目前最新的稳定版本。</p>
</li>
<li><p>不支持 IE7 和早期的 Firefox</p>
</li>
<li><p>支持 IE8，单效果不好。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>2015年8月发布 4.0.0-alpha 的内部测试版。</p>
<p><strong>版本号的普及：</strong></p>
<ul>
<li><p>alpha 版：内部测试版。α 是希腊字母的第一个，表示最早的版本，bug很多。主要是给开发和测试人员找 bug 用的。</p>
</li>
<li><p>beta 版：公开测试版。 主要是给“部落”用户和忠实用户测试用的。bug依然很多，但比 Alpha 版要稳定。这个阶段的版本还会不断增加新功能，如果你是发烧友，可以下载这个版本。</p>
</li>
<li><p>rc 版：候选版本（Release Candidate）。该版本不再增加新的功能。类似于最终发行版之前的预览版（发行的候选版本）。此版本的发布，预示着最终发行版即将到来。作为普通用户，如果很着急，也可以下载 rc 版。</p>
</li>
<li><p>stable 版：稳定版。在开源软件中，都有 stable版本，这个是开源软件的最终发行版，用户可以放心大胆地使用。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Bootstrap-库的下载"><a href="#Bootstrap-库的下载" class="headerlink" title="Bootstrap 库的下载"></a>Bootstrap 库的下载</h3><blockquote>
<p>这里我们以  Bootstrap V3.3.7 为例。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>进入<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://v3.bootcss.com/">中文官网</a>，下载 <code>用于生产环境的 Bootstrap</code>，如下图所示：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1052.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1052.png"></p>
<p>下载之后，解压 <code>bootstrap-3.3.7-dist</code> ，有三个文件夹：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1053.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1053.png"></p>
<p>将其拷贝到工程文件的lib文件夹下即可。</p>
<p>PS：<code>dist</code>表示编译之后的文件，这在库文件中是很常见的。</p>
<p>因为 bootstrap.js依赖jQuery，所以要先引用jquery.js 然后引用bootstrap.js。</p>
<h3 id="Bootstrap-基础模板的介绍"><a href="#Bootstrap-基础模板的介绍" class="headerlink" title="Bootstrap 基础模板的介绍"></a>Bootstrap 基础模板的介绍</h3><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://v3.bootcss.com/getting-started/">Bootstrap</a>官网提供了基本模板，如下图所示：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1119.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1119.png"></p>
<p>其完整版代码 copy 如下：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">&quot;zh-CN&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">http-equiv</span>=<span class="string">&quot;X-UA-Compatible&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;IE=edge&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;viewport&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>我的网站<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- Bootstrap --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">	<span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">&quot;stylesheet&quot;</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">&quot;lib/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- WARNING: Respond.js doesn&#x27;t work if you view the page via file:// --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!--[if lt IE 9]&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">      &lt;script src=&quot;https://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">      &lt;script src=&quot;https://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    &lt;![endif]--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span>你好，世界！<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">h1</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- jQuery (necessary for Bootstrap&#x27;s JavaScript plugins) --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.min.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- Include all compiled plugins (below), or include individual files as needed --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;js/bootstrap.min.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<p>我们需要对上面的代码进行解释。</p>
<p><strong>（1）Compatible</strong>：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">http-equiv</span>=<span class="string">&quot;X-UA-Compatible&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;IE=edge&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<p>解释：设置浏览器的兼容模式版本。表示如果在IE浏览器下则使用最新的标准，渲染当前文档。</p>
<p><strong>（2）viewport 视口</strong>：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;viewport&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<p>解释：声明当前网页在移动端浏览器中展示的相关设置。我们在做移动 web 开发时，就用上面这行代码设置 viewport。</p>
<p>视口的作用：在移动浏览器中，当页面宽度超出设备，浏览器内部虚拟的一个页面容器，将页面容器缩放到设备这么大，然后展示。</p>
<p>需要注意的是：</p>
<ul>
<li>目前大多数手机浏览器的视口（承载页面的容器）宽度都是980；</li>
<li>此属性为移动端页面视口设置，上方代码设置的值，表示在移动端页面的宽度为设备的宽度，并且不缩放（缩放级别为1）。</li>
</ul>
<p>属性解释：</p>
<ul>
<li>width:设置viewport的宽度。</li>
<li>initial-scale：初始化缩放比例。</li>
<li>minimum-scale:最小缩放比例。</li>
<li>maximum-scale:最大缩放比例。</li>
<li>user-scalable:是否允许用户手动缩放（值可以写成yes&#x2F;no，也可以写成1&#x2F;0）</li>
</ul>
<p>PS：如果设置了不允许用户缩放，那么最小缩放和最大缩放就没有意义了。二者是矛盾的。</p>
<p><strong>（3）条件注释</strong>：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!--[if lt IE 9]&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  &lt;script src=&quot;https://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">  &lt;script src=&quot;https://cdn.bootcss.com/respond.js/1.4.2/respond.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;![endif]--&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<p>条件注释的作用：当判断条件满足时，就会执行注释中的HTML代码，不满足时会当做注释忽略掉。</p>
<p>上方代码的条件注释中，引入了两个脚本：</p>
<ul>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/aFarkas/html5shiv">html5shiv</a>：让浏览器可以识别 HTML5 的新标签。如header、footer、section等。</li>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/scottjehl/Respond">respond.js</a>：让低版本浏览器可以使用 CSS3 的媒体查询。</li>
</ul>
<p>另外，我们还需要引入下面这个库：</p>
<ul>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/jquery/jquery">jQuery</a>：Bootstrap框架中的所有 JS 组件都依赖于 jQuery 实现。</li>
</ul>
<p>我们可以把上面这三个库文件拷贝到 lib 文件夹中（注意引用的路径要写正确）。</p>
<h2 id="使用-Bootstrap-搭建项目"><a href="#使用-Bootstrap-搭建项目" class="headerlink" title="使用 Bootstrap 搭建项目"></a>使用 Bootstrap 搭建项目</h2><h3 id="1、工程文件的目录结构"><a href="#1、工程文件的目录结构" class="headerlink" title="1、工程文件的目录结构"></a>1、工程文件的目录结构</h3><pre class="highlight"><span class="line">├─ Demo ·························· 项目所在目录</span><br><span class="line">└─┬─ /css/ ······················· 我们自己的CSS文件</span><br><span class="line">  ├─ /font/ ······················ 使用到的字体文件</span><br><span class="line">  ├─ /img/ ······················· 使用到的图片文件</span><br><span class="line">  ├─ /js/ ························ 自己写的JS脚步</span><br><span class="line">  ├─ /lib/ ······················· 从第三方下载回来的库【只用不改】</span><br><span class="line">  ├─ /favicon.ico ················ 站点图标</span><br><span class="line">  └─ /index.html ················· 入口文件</span><br></pre>

<h3 id="2、下载并引入-Bootstrap-库文件"><a href="#2、下载并引入-Bootstrap-库文件" class="headerlink" title="2、下载并引入 Bootstrap 库文件"></a>2、下载并引入 Bootstrap 库文件</h3><p>见上一段的讲解。引入之后，另外还需要引入 html5shiv、respond、jQuery 这三个库文件。</p>
<h3 id="3、字符集、Viewport设置、浏览器兼容模式"><a href="#3、字符集、Viewport设置、浏览器兼容模式" class="headerlink" title="3、字符集、Viewport设置、浏览器兼容模式"></a>3、字符集、Viewport设置、浏览器兼容模式</h3><p>我们将 Bootstrap 的基础模板代码 copy到项目的index.html中，这其中就包括最前面的三个meta标签：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">http-equiv</span>=<span class="string">&quot;X-UA-Compatible&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;IE=edge&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;viewport&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 上述3个meta标签*必须*放在最前面，任何其他内容都*必须*跟随其后！ --&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<h3 id="4、favicon（站点图标）"><a href="#4、favicon（站点图标）" class="headerlink" title="4、favicon（站点图标）"></a>4、favicon（站点图标）</h3><pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">&quot;shortcut icon&quot;</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;image/x-icon&quot;</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">&quot;favicon.ico&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<h3 id="5、引入相应的第三方文件"><a href="#5、引入相应的第三方文件" class="headerlink" title="5、引入相应的第三方文件"></a>5、引入相应的第三方文件</h3><pre class="highlight"><span class="line">   <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 引入 Bootstrap 的核心样式文件（必须） --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">&quot;stylesheet&quot;</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">&quot;lib/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 引入我们自己写的 css 样式文件--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">&quot;stylesheet&quot;</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">&quot;css/my.css&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">...</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;lib/jquery/jquery.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;lib/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;js/my.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<p>注意，先引入第三方的文件，再引入我们自己写的文件。</p>
<h3 id="6、默认字体"><a href="#6、默认字体" class="headerlink" title="6、默认字体"></a>6、默认字体</h3><p>在我们默认的样式表中将默认字体设置为：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">body</span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="attribute">font-family</span>: <span class="string">&quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">                Helvetica,</span><br><span class="line">                Microsoft Yahei,</span><br><span class="line">                Hiragino Sans GB,</span><br><span class="line">                WenQuanYi Micro Hei,</span><br><span class="line">                sans-serif;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre>

<h3 id="7、完成页面空结构"><a href="#7、完成页面空结构" class="headerlink" title="7、完成页面空结构"></a>7、完成页面空结构</h3><blockquote>
<p>先划分好页面中的大容器，然后在具体看每一个容器中单独的情况。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>完整代码如下：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE <span class="keyword">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">&quot;zh-CN&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">&quot;utf-8&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">http-equiv</span>=<span class="string">&quot;X-UA-Compatible&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;IE=edge&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">name</span>=<span class="string">&quot;viewport&quot;</span> <span class="attr">content</span>=<span class="string">&quot;width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>我的网站<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!--建议：第三方引用的css库放在上面，我们自己写的文件，都放在下面--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 引入 Bootstrap 的核心样式文件（必须） --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">&quot;stylesheet&quot;</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">&quot;lib/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!-- 引入我们自己写的 css 样式文件--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">&quot;stylesheet&quot;</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">&quot;css/main.css&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">link</span> <span class="attr">rel</span>=<span class="string">&quot;shortcut icon&quot;</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">&quot;image/x-icon&quot;</span> <span class="attr">href</span>=<span class="string">&quot;favicon.ico&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!--[if lt IE 9]&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    &lt;script src=&quot;lib/html5shiv/html5shiv.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    &lt;script src=&quot;lib/respond/respond.min.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    &lt;![endif]--&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 头部区域 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">header</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">&quot;header&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">header</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /头部区域 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 广告轮播 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">section</span> <span class="attr">id</span>=<span class="string">&quot;main_ad&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /广告轮播 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 特色介绍 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /特色介绍 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 立即预约 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /立即预约 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 产品推荐 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /产品推荐 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 新闻列表 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /新闻列表 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 合作伙伴 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">section</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /合作伙伴 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- 脚注区域 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">footer</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">footer</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">&lt;!-- /脚注区域 --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;lib/jquery/jquery.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;lib/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">&quot;js/main.js&quot;</span>&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre>




<h2 id="CSS-样式"><a href="#CSS-样式" class="headerlink" title="CSS 样式"></a>CSS 样式</h2><p>全局 CSS 样式在<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://v3.bootcss.com/css/">官网</a>有介绍：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1710.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1710.png"></p>
<p><strong>如果需要哪个样式，直接根据文档的指引，在相应的元素里加指定的类名即可。</strong></p>
<p>我们选部分重要的来讲一下。</p>
<h3 id="布局容器：container-类"><a href="#布局容器：container-类" class="headerlink" title="布局容器：container 类"></a>布局容器：container 类</h3><p>截图如下：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1720.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1720.png"></p>
<p><strong>作用</strong>：用于定义一个固定宽度且居中的版心。只不过，这个版心的宽度具有<strong>响应式</strong>的效果。</p>
<p>也就是说，在 Bootstrap 中，我们一般用 .container 类来表示版心。</p>
<p>格式举例：</p>
<pre class="highlight"><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">&quot;topbar&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">class</span>=<span class="string">&quot;container&quot;</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">&lt;!--</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">      此处的代码会显示在一个固定宽度且居中的容器中</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">      该容器的宽度会跟随屏幕的变化而变化</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">    --&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">div</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre>

<p>这个 container 类我们自己其实也可以写，通过媒体查询即可实现。</p>
<h3 id="栅格参数"><a href="#栅格参数" class="headerlink" title="栅格参数"></a>栅格参数</h3><p>栅格系统最主要的操作是：利用 css 的响应式去做一套行列布局的预置样式。</p>
<p>栅格参数如下：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1732.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1732.png"></p>
<p>我们尤其要记住各个屏幕的尺寸和<strong>类前缀</strong>。</p>
<h2 id="组件"><a href="#组件" class="headerlink" title="组件"></a>组件</h2><p>一个按钮称之为样式；两个按钮在一起，就可以称之为组件。</p>
<p>组件在<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://v3.bootcss.com/components/">官网</a>有介绍：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1738.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1738.png"></p>
<p>我们现在需要关注的不是组件怎么用，而是里面有哪些组件，避免<strong>重复造轮子</strong>：别人已经做得很好了，不需要我们再重复。</p>
<h2 id="JS-组件"><a href="#JS-组件" class="headerlink" title="JS 组件"></a>JS 组件</h2><p>JS 组件在<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://v3.bootcss.com/javascript/">官网</a>有介绍：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1750.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1750.png"></p>
<p>这里面包含了很多带交互的组件。比如轮播图：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1841.png" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/20180225_1841.png"></p>
<h2 id="博主提供的下载链接"><a href="#博主提供的下载链接" class="headerlink" title="博主提供的下载链接"></a>博主提供的下载链接</h2><p>空结构的工程文件的下载地址：(lib文件夹里包含了Bootstrap相关的各种库和中文文档)</p>
<ul>
<li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/qianguyihao/web-resource/blob/main/project/2018-02-25-BootstrapDemo%E5%8F%8A%E6%96%87%E6%A1%A3.rar">2018-02-25-BootstrapDemo及文档.rar</a></li>
</ul>
<p>还是那句话：<strong>如果需要哪个样式，直接根据文档的指引，在相应的元素里加指定的类名即可。</strong></p>
<h2 id="我的公众号"><a href="#我的公众号" class="headerlink" title="我的公众号"></a>我的公众号</h2><p>想学习<font color=#0000ff><strong>更多技能</strong></font>？不妨关注我的微信公众号：<strong>千古壹号</strong>（id：<code>qianguyihao</code>）。</p>
<p>扫一扫，你将发现另一个全新的世界，而这将是一场美丽的意外：</p>
<p><img  srcset="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%20300%20300'%3E%3C/svg%3E" data-src="http://img.smyhvae.com/2016040102.jpg" class="lozad post-image"src="http://img.smyhvae.com/2016040102.jpg"></p>

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            zwl5670
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